Winter Habit of a Chinese Mandarin in 1700

by Thomas Jefferys

This remarkable copperplate engraving depicts a Chinese official, or Mandarin, dressed for the harsh winters of Northern China. Rather than the silky robes worn in the summer months, the winter costume focuses on warmth, bulk, and prestige.

A thick, fur-lined pao robe hangs off the figure, distinguished by its large, loose sleeves and deep overlaps at the center. One element worthy of mention is the cuff of the sleeve, which was often shaped like a horse's hoof to shield the hand from cold winds—this indicates the influence of the Manchus during this era. Finally, the figure wears a typical winter hat, complete with an ornamental gem or glass bead on top of the crown.

Thomas Jefferys, renowned for his accuracy, illustrates the difference in texture between the thick fabric and lavish fur trim.